TREATMENT OF ECTOPIC PREGHANCY

WHAT IS AN ECTOPIC PREGNANCY?

An ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, most commonly in the fallopian tubes. This condition is life-threatening if left untreated and requires immediate medical attention.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

  • Severe abdominal or pelvic pain
  • Vaginal bleeding
  • Shoulder pain
  • Dizziness or fainting
  • Nausea and vomiting

TREATMENT OPTIONS

Medication (Methotrexate Therapy)

For early-stage ectopic pregnancies without rupture, methotrexate is a preferred non-surgical option. It stops the growth of the pregnancy and allows the body to absorb the tissue naturally.

  • Given as an injection
  • Requires follow-up blood tests to monitor hormone levels
  • Avoids surgery but may take several weeks to resolve

Surgical Treatment

If the ectopic pregnancy is advanced or causing complications, surgery may be necessary.

Laparoscopic Surgery (Salpingostomy or Salpingectomy):

  • A minimally invasive procedure using small incisions and a camera
  • Salpingostomy: Removes the pregnancy while preserving the fallopian tube
  • Salpingectomy: Removes the affected fallopian tube if damaged

Emergency Surgery (Laparotomy):

  • Required if internal bleeding occurs
  • A larger incision is made for faster intervention

Expectant Management

  • If the pregnancy is very small and resolving on its own, doctors may opt for close monitoring
  • Regular blood tests ensure hormone levels are declining

RECOVERY AND FOLLOW-UP CARE

  • Rest and avoid strenuous activities
  • Monitor for symptoms like pain, fever, or excessive bleeding
  • Emotional support and counseling may be helpful
  • Future pregnancy planning: Speak with a doctor about risks and preventive measures

WHEN TO SEEK EMERGENCY CARE

  • Severe abdominal pain or bleeding
  • Signs of shock (rapid heartbeat, fainting, sweating)
  • Shoulder pain or dizziness

Ectopic pregnancy is a serious condition but can be effectively managed with timely treatment. If you suspect any symptoms, seek medical attention immediately.